BUY LOCAL FROM NB INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY FIRMS Research Paper

BUY LOCAL FROM NB INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY FIRMS - Research Paper Example In this regard, there are certain potential problems that are likely to be faced by the New Brunswick (NB) firms in their internal and external business environment context. The internal risks that could be faced by the NB organizations are generally non-marketable attributes namely brand, visibility, credibility as well as cost related constraints (Kramer, Jenkins & Katz, 2007). Problems in Internal Environment The potential internal constraints for the NB firms can be identified to be ingrained within the facet of non-marketable variables which can considerable affect to efficiently derive the potential benefits of ICTs. Moreover, the risks associated with internal environment of the NB firms can also create significant challenges for them in terms of building their long-term sustainability in the fiercely growing global IT industry. In accordance with the non-marketable risks in the SCM processes, certain potential problems can raise due to the integration of ICTs within the diffe rent operational activities. ... The integration of ICTs within the supply chain process provides adequate support to an organization to efficiently perform its range of supply chain functions. However, the functions of ICTs within the supply chain often been observed to involve issues related with its visibility. The integration of ICTs within the supply chain process tends to provide adequate flexibility to the organization along with offering them enhanced visibility amid the large NB purchasing organizations. In addition, the local NB IT firms face a major challenge due to the lack of visibility. This is because they generally use quite a less amount of marketing and promotional activities. This factor reduces their chances to have a prominent place as a prospective Business-to-Business player in the minds of large local NB purchasing organizations (Booz Allen Hamilton Inc, 2012). 2. Brand: The brand value of the NB IT firms can also be regarded as one of the major constraints which can occur due to the extensiv e practice of ICTs within different supply chain activities by the firms. An effective and strong brand position can provide adequate support to the organizations to effectively obtain significant benefits of the ICTs especially in the supply chain operations. However, the notion of brand or brand valuation can also be a major concerning factor of an organization which can further lead to significant issues. Owing to the stated concern, the integration of ICTs in the supply chain ensures to reduce the usage of different organizational resources and it also provides benefits to minimize the potential costs in the SCM operations. In relation to local NB IT firms, they generally do not use branding or product positioning as a major marketing tool. Therefore, a lack of brand identity tends to

Evaluation of Iraq war through group think Essay Example for Free

Evaluation of Iraq war through group think Essay The War on Iraq was decided by a small group of people that was headed by the President and comprised of the Vice-President, Defense Secretary, CIA Director and other senior administrative officials. The decision to go to war was a decision of a small think-tank rather than of an individual or a larger group of people. The decision of the think-tank pushing the case for the Iraq War seems to be an apt example of confirmation bias. This confirmation bias during the events leading to the Iraq War has led to a widening rift between policy makers and the intelligence community. It is widely believed that the war think-tank defied the pointers presented by the official intelligence. Instead, the intelligence available in a raw form was misused to publicly justify the war on Iraq and build a positive public perception that would endorse the war. As the Washington Post reports the discussion on the war; The case was thin, summarized the notes taken by a British national security aide at the meeting. Saddam was not threatening his neighbours and his WMD capability was less than that of Libya, North Korea or Iran. However, the think-tank was convinced about going for a war with Iraq and it used the available intelligence to confirm its beliefs. Cognitive diversity was missing in the think-tank that drew up the plan for the Iraq War. All members involved in the decision process had same political leanings, were to a large extent a culturally homogenous group and formed a small team that worked closely with each other on various policy making issues. The team did not comprise of various political voices even though the decision to go to war impacted the entire country. It did also not take advice and heed to objections of World bodies like the United Nations when some of the member countries objected to the unilateral action of the United States and its ally Britain to go to war. The team did not invite any new members to its coterie of decision makers to infuse fresh or alternative thinking in its decision making process. As Senator Barbara Boxer said, â€Å"Iraq was a war of choice, not necessity†. The intelligence community was roped in only to substantiate claims made by the think-tank on the reason to go to war. The group behaved with a preset agenda ignoring the alternatives at hand and made biased decisions. The Iraq War is also an example of group comparison where the decisions of the individual members could have been different from the decisions of the group that they were part of. The study of group polarization began with an unpublished 1961 Master’s thesis by MIT student James Stoner, who observed the so-called risky shift, meaning that a group’s decisions are riskier than the average of the individual decisions of members before the group met. After the wide public criticism of the U. S. handling of the war, two prominent members of the Iraq think-tank put in their papers. Secretary of State Colin L. Powell resigned after almost 4 years of at the helm of affairs. He was seen as less supportive of the war even though he was the public face on international forums to drum up support amongst its traditional allies. Whereas Defense Secretary Donald H. Rumsfeld who took over the course of foreign policy after Powell’s exit was seen as a hardliner. It seems that the hardliners would have grown even more resolute in their decision to go to war after several rounds of deliberations that the think-tank might have had. They would have presented intelligence information and other reasons to hard sell their belief thereby subduing the reluctant supporters of the war.

Renaisssance versus Baroque Periods Essay -- Comparison Contrast essay

The baroque and renaissance periods are two different periods. The renaissance period rolled into the baroque era. There were changes made over the years from the baroque to the renaissance period. Differences in style accumulated along with views of art and music. Baroque era covers the period between 1600 and 1750 beginning with Monte Verdi (birth of opera) and ended with deaths of Bach and Handel. The term baroque music is borrowed from the art history. It follows the Renaissance era (1400-1600). It was initially considered to be a corrupt way of Renaissance by conservatives. The dominant trends in Baroque music correspond to those in Baroque art and literature. Some features of Baroque art included a sense of movement, energy, and tension (whether real or implied). Strong contrasts of light and shadow enhance the effects of paintings and sculptures. Opera is one of the types of music in the Baroque era. It represented melodic freedom. Baroque era was usually referred to as the thorough-bass period. In early Baroque era no tonal direction existed, but experiments in pre-tonal harmony led to the creation of tonality. [1] Baroque genre included instrumental suite, ritornello, Concerto grosso and chant. There were important composers of the Bar oque period such as Johann Sebastian Bach, George Frideric Handel, Antonio Vivaldi William Byrd Henry Purcell and George Phillip Telemann. Starting in northern Italy, the hierarchical state -- led by either the urban bourgeoisie or despotic nobles -- replaced the fluid and chaotic feudal system of the middle Ages. [2] For this reason, some historians refer to the Renaissance as the Early Modern Era. Sculptors, building on the techniques of artists such as Giovanni Bernini (1598-1680), found ways to create the illusion of energetic and even violent movement in their works. Painters created larger and more crowded canvases. Virtuosity was used in all the arts. The arts became an important measure of learning and culture. Music moved from the science of number to an expressive art viewed as an equal to rhetoric. The Renaissance means the rebirth of ancient learning. The renaissance can be divided into two parts Early Renaissance (1420-1500) and High Renaissance (1500-1520). The Renaissance era was one of the most productive time periods in history as far as the advancement of music goes. At first it was rigid, structu... ...ike today. The period between the baroque and renaissance paved a new way for not only music, but for art. The change that took place was gorgeous causing art to become so vivid and images are portrayed to be so real. I never was a fan of art nor music, but if one actually pays attention to the evolvement of it throughout time one would have great appreciation. References 1) Carter, Tim. Music in late Renaissance & early baroque Italy. Amadeus Press. 1992. 2) Bailey, Gauvin A. Between Renaissance and Baroque: Jesuit art in Rome 1565-1610. University of Toronto Press. 2003. 3) Huyghe, Rene. Larousse encyclopedia of Renaissance and Baroque Art. London, Hamlyen. 1967. 4) Mundy, James. Renaissance into Baroque. University Press. 1989. 5) Jaffe, Michael. Renaissance & Baroque drawings. Abrams Press.1995. Bibliographies Atlas, A.W. Renaissance Music: Music in Western Europe, 1400-1600. 1st ed. New York: Norton, 1998. Corrick, J.A. The Renaissance. San Diego: Lucent Brooks, 1998. Getzinger, Donna. Johnann Sebastian Bach and the art of baroque music. 1st ed. Greensboro: Morgan Reynolds, 2004 Lorenz, Hellmut. Baroque Art. New York: Plague, 1994. Renaisssance versus Baroque Periods Essay -- Comparison Contrast essay The baroque and renaissance periods are two different periods. The renaissance period rolled into the baroque era. There were changes made over the years from the baroque to the renaissance period. Differences in style accumulated along with views of art and music. Baroque era covers the period between 1600 and 1750 beginning with Monte Verdi (birth of opera) and ended with deaths of Bach and Handel. The term baroque music is borrowed from the art history. It follows the Renaissance era (1400-1600). It was initially considered to be a corrupt way of Renaissance by conservatives. The dominant trends in Baroque music correspond to those in Baroque art and literature. Some features of Baroque art included a sense of movement, energy, and tension (whether real or implied). Strong contrasts of light and shadow enhance the effects of paintings and sculptures. Opera is one of the types of music in the Baroque era. It represented melodic freedom. Baroque era was usually referred to as the thorough-bass period. In early Baroque era no tonal direction existed, but experiments in pre-tonal harmony led to the creation of tonality. [1] Baroque genre included instrumental suite, ritornello, Concerto grosso and chant. There were important composers of the Bar oque period such as Johann Sebastian Bach, George Frideric Handel, Antonio Vivaldi William Byrd Henry Purcell and George Phillip Telemann. Starting in northern Italy, the hierarchical state -- led by either the urban bourgeoisie or despotic nobles -- replaced the fluid and chaotic feudal system of the middle Ages. [2] For this reason, some historians refer to the Renaissance as the Early Modern Era. Sculptors, building on the techniques of artists such as Giovanni Bernini (1598-1680), found ways to create the illusion of energetic and even violent movement in their works. Painters created larger and more crowded canvases. Virtuosity was used in all the arts. The arts became an important measure of learning and culture. Music moved from the science of number to an expressive art viewed as an equal to rhetoric. The Renaissance means the rebirth of ancient learning. The renaissance can be divided into two parts Early Renaissance (1420-1500) and High Renaissance (1500-1520). The Renaissance era was one of the most productive time periods in history as far as the advancement of music goes. At first it was rigid, structu... ...ike today. The period between the baroque and renaissance paved a new way for not only music, but for art. The change that took place was gorgeous causing art to become so vivid and images are portrayed to be so real. I never was a fan of art nor music, but if one actually pays attention to the evolvement of it throughout time one would have great appreciation. References 1) Carter, Tim. Music in late Renaissance & early baroque Italy. Amadeus Press. 1992. 2) Bailey, Gauvin A. Between Renaissance and Baroque: Jesuit art in Rome 1565-1610. University of Toronto Press. 2003. 3) Huyghe, Rene. Larousse encyclopedia of Renaissance and Baroque Art. London, Hamlyen. 1967. 4) Mundy, James. Renaissance into Baroque. University Press. 1989. 5) Jaffe, Michael. Renaissance & Baroque drawings. Abrams Press.1995. Bibliographies Atlas, A.W. Renaissance Music: Music in Western Europe, 1400-1600. 1st ed. New York: Norton, 1998. Corrick, J.A. The Renaissance. San Diego: Lucent Brooks, 1998. Getzinger, Donna. Johnann Sebastian Bach and the art of baroque music. 1st ed. Greensboro: Morgan Reynolds, 2004 Lorenz, Hellmut. Baroque Art. New York: Plague, 1994.

Vmware Tools

TOPIC: VMWARE TOOLS Introduction: Virtualization reduces IT costs while increasing the efficiency and utilization of existing assets. So it is becoming more popular among IT companies. VMware is one of the companies which supplies products for datacenter virtualization is leading the pack. VMware’s ESX/ESXi is one of the enterprise-level virtualization product offered by VMware, Inc. ESX is a component of VMware Infrastructure, it adds management and reliability services to the core server product. This is one of the widely used tools in Server Virtualization. ) Architecture: VMWARE ESX (white Paper): This white paper provided by VMware Inc has the details for all the underlying components in ESX framework. It explains the startup and operation process, colored figures are embedded in the document about the layers. The ESX Server architecture allows administrators to allocate hardware resources to multiple workloads in fully isolated environments called virtual machines. 2) VM ware hypervisor still king for enterprise-class workloads (News Article): This article in network world outlines the comparison between VMware with other competitors. According to research conducted by the Burton Group VMware is still the preferred virtualization vendor which meets most of the enterprise requirements, while rivals Citrix, Microsoft and Virtual Iron are trying to meet the meet the goal, VMware, is the market share leader in x86 virtualization, offers 100% of the features required to run enterprise-class, production workloads with the vSphere hypervisor. 3) VMware ESXI demo (VMware website) This demo provides the basic introduction, uses & features of VMware’s ESXI . It compares ESXI with the competitors in the market. This is created by VMware and is posted on the product website. 4) Examining VMware ESX Server This journal in DR Dobbs website outlines some of the advantages of VMware server. Columbia university students conducted an experiment in their computer science department. By using VMware, they were able to give students a flexible virtual kernel-level development environment where the operating systems are being developed, debugged, and rebooted in a shared computing lab environment without affecting other application user’s experiments. ) Application of virtualization and information integration technology in a power dispatching center This article explains how VMware ESX server platform can be utilized to manage information in a power dispatching center. The information integration is divided into five levels i. e. hardware integration, data integration, software module integration, business process integration, and application access integration and provides detailed integratio n scheme. Unfortunately the full text is not available for this article. ) Book: VMware ESX Server in the Enterprise: Planning and Securing Virtualization Servers Chapter 1: System considerations This chapter provides the information regarding the installation of VMware ESX server. It gives the necessary system requirements for the VMware ESX Server for Planning and Securing Virtualization Servers in the Enterprise. . This chapter is a good place to start when you need to find out where else in the book to go look for coverage of an issue. Analysis of Research I have chosen this topic to learn and do some recommendation of VMware tools used for server virtualization to our group, so I started my research by going to VMware website, VMware ESXI demo and white paper for architecture were the two most useful sources for the research. Then I went to Penn state databases IEEE, Inspec and got the information for the news article that it has slight edge on the competitors. And from the Dobbs journal it is proven from the experiment conducted by the Columbia University that with VMware we can create, delete applications on virtual servers without rebooting the actual server. And finally the journal regarding VMware using in Power dispatch center will be a good example to recommend to our group. How documents relate to each other: The documents started with the introduction of the VMware tools and provided with architecture and demonstration of most popular VMware ESXi server. The article in network world proves that VMware Esx has slight edge over the competitors. The journals provide how VMware server works in different environments like Power Sector and University. Finally the chapter in the books gives us the existing system capabilities to install VMware tools. References: Architecture of VMWARE ESXi. Whitepaper. Retrieved January 29, 2010, from http://www. vmware. com/files/pdf/ESXi_architecture. pdf) Jon Brodkin (2009). VMware hypervisor still king for enterprise-class workloads. Network world. Retrieved January 29, 2010 Product Demo Video. Retrieved January 29, 2010, from http://download3. vmware. com/demos/esxi/VMware_ESXi. html Jason Nieh and Ozgur Can Leonard(2000). Examining VMware retrieved January 29 1010 from Dr Dobb’s Journal (www. DDJ. com) Zhang Liang (East China Grid Co. Ltd. , Shanghai, China); Ge Minhui; Bi Xiaoliang (2008). Application of virtualization and information integration technology in a power dispatching center retrieved January 29 1010 from engineering village. Source: Automation of Electric Power Systems, v 32, n 16, p 38-42, 25 Aug. 2008 Edward L. Haletky (2007). VMware ESX Server in the Enterprise: Planning and Securing Virtualization Servers retrieved January 29 1010 from Safari books Online: By: Pub. Date: December 29, 2007

City of Kelsey Budgeting

Tiera Bristol November 19, 2012 Policing in Kelsey: Budget Report Professor Charles McClelland Abstract Working as the budget director for the mayor of the city of Kelsey, we have recently been getting numerous complaints from the citizens about an increase in crime and also an issue of the public demanding for more police officers. With the population of the city growing daily, the increase of crime is continuing to progress as well.The mayor has informed us that this past year is the highest increase in crime in the city’s history, that the federal government has reduced the federal pass-through money for the state and that the budgeting group needs to revamp the budget for the coming year. Within this document as the Budget officer, we will take a close look at the present budget to determine the changes that need to be made in order to come up with a solution that is politically feasible.In doing so we will examine numerous things in depth which includes looking at how the changes affect the fiscal cycle of your budgeting, how the preparation, execution, and evaluation of the budgeting cycle would change, our budgeting approach based on the changes and the reasons, differences of the chosen budgeting approach from those not used, a plan to address the crime issue, and lastly a summary of the cost-benefit analysis of your plan. Main According to Apollo Group (2007), â€Å"Kelsey is nestled in the hills of the Northwest Valley.With a population of 625,000 Kelsey offers the amenities of the big city, but still retains its small town charm† (para. 1). In addition to the limited budget, there has been a recent budgetary reform at the federal level, which has put additional pressure on local police agencies to use the federal money before it expires. The state Chiefs of Police Association is lobbying the state for a 15% public safety tax for a temporary 3-year period in order to make up the deficit. The state legislature and local governments are wa ry of adding any additional new taxes on citizens.In addition, the state’s Sierra Club organization is putting pressure on state and local government to hire less police officers, build more prisons, and develop the state’s infrastructure. There are different types of budgeting that businesses typically use and those include Operating budgets, Capital Budgets and there are many subtypes that exist because a budget can also be created for special events, the recruitment and retention of new staff, and to manage the advertising expenses and return on investments for a business (Demand Media, 1999-2012).According to Demand Media (1999-2012), â€Å"An operating budget outlines the total operating expenses and income for the organization, typically for the period of a fiscal year. Capital budgets evaluate the investments and assets of the business, and a cash budget shows the predicted cash flow in and out of the business over a period of time† (para. 2 ). According to the Cost-Benefit Analysis (2012), â€Å"Capital budgeting has at its core the tool of cost-benefit analysis; it merely extends the basic form into a multi-period analysis, with consideration of the time value of money.In this context, a new product, venture, or investment is evaluated on a start-to-finish basis, with care taken to capture all the impacts on the company, both cost and benefits. When these inputs and outputs are quantified by year, they can then be discounted to present value to determine the net present value of the opportunity at the time of the decision† (â€Å"Cost-Benefit Analysis,† 2012).In taking steps to resolve these issues in the city of Kelsey and coming up with a solution that is politically feasible we will use the cost-benefit analysis which is the process of determining costs and benefits for programs, decisions, and projects and making a true yet equal determination for an end result. This process in my opinion is almost like a predict ion for what the end result will look like†¦ â€Å"In governmental planning and budgeting, the attempt to measure the social benefits of a proposed project in monetary terms and compare them with its costs† (â€Å"Cost-Benefit Analysis,† 2012).When it comes to looking at different Business decisions that would use the cost-benefit analysis, the reasoning could be, but not limited to â€Å"whether or not to add employees, introduce a new technology, purchase equipment, change vendors, implement new procedures, and remodel or relocate facilities† (â€Å"Cost-Benefit Analysis,† 2012). According to the Cost-Benefit Analysis (2012), â€Å"Cost-benefit analysis is the exercise of evaluating an action's consequences by weighing the pluses, or benefits, against the minuses, or costs.It is the fundamental assessment behind virtually every business decision, due to the simple fact that business managers do not want to spend money unless the resulting benefits are expected to exceed the costs. As companies increasingly seek to cut costs and improve productivity, cost-benefit analysis has become a valuable tool for evaluating a wide range of business opportunities, such as major purchases, organizational changes, and expansions† (â€Å"Cost-Benefit Analysis,† 2012).In coming up with a plan that demonstrates how the preparation, execution and evaluation of the budgeting cycle would change would look like this, according to the Cost-Benefit Analysis (2012), â€Å"A formal cost-benefit analysis is a multi-step process which includes a preliminary survey, a feasibility study, and a final report. At the conclusion of each step, the party responsible for performing the analysis can decide whether continuing on to the next step is warranted.The preliminary survey is an initial evaluation that involves gathering information on both the opportunity and the existing situation. The feasibility study involves completing the information gathering as needed and evaluating the data to gauge the short- and long-term impact of the opportunity. Finally, the formal cost-benefit analysis report should provide decision makers with all the pertinent information they need to take appropriate action on the opportunity.It should include an executive summary and introduction; information about the scope, purpose, and methodology of the study; recommendations, along with factual justification; and factors concerning implementation† (â€Å"Cost-Benefit Analysis,† 2012). When it comes to coming up with ideas to address the issue of crime there are no set strategy that can be deemed perfect. Instead it is a good idea to proactive, alert and daily trying to come up with new ideas to address this issue.Crime is on the rise and everyday criminals are getting smarter and coming up with new tactics and ways for committing crimes, therefore it is critical for law enforcement, as a unit to put just as much time and effort, if not more, in coming up with new/advanced approaches, tactics, plans and policies to deter crime. Through research I found that Governor Snyder’s plan to fight crime in the State of Michigan to very interesting. After examining the Governor’s plan we feel that it would also be a good idea to look at some of the same things within the city of Kelsey around coming up with a plan to address the current crime issues.According to Michigan Radio Newsroom (2012), â€Å"Secure Cities Partnership (provide local assistance and coordinate teams of local, state and federal law enforcement officers to direct patrols and provide investigative resources), Fire and first responders (forming an advisory council that will recommend ways to provide better emergency services statewide with a long-term, sustainable cost model), Prosecutorial support (investment for prosecutorial support in distressed cities), Mental health courts (They can require individuals to comply with treatment, whi ch may keep them from committing crimes), Drug courts (Drug treatment courts address the revolving-door cycle in which drug and alcohol offenders move in and out of the justice system; a high-risk, high-need drug court initiative that expands drug court programming), Human trafficking (protects victims and goes after the individuals who profit from this crime), New paths for young people (help teens from urban areas realize that promising opportunities exist), Removing abandoned buildings (Abandoned buildings often are havens for illegal activity. orbid individuals with unpaid taxes or who own blighted properties from buying any more property at auction), Truancy (placing more social workers within public schools)† (para. 3). Conclusion Throughout this document we have analyzed ways to come up with a solution that is politically feasible in making corrections to the budget. Using the cost-benefit analysis tool is essential and highly beneficial in determining what will stay an d what organizations will be dismissed. We have looked at the Governor of Michigan plan and approach to address the crime issues and of those mentioned and described, would be necessary to analysis within the city of Kelsey. Reference Apollo Group. (2007). The City of Kelsey. Retrieved from

Impression management

Impression management Introduction Impression management can be described as a process employed by most people to present themselves and control various perceptions concerning themselves. Many people apply this tool to present themselves as good people (personal branding).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Impression management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Many individuals believe that their outward appearance and personality form part of the main factors that determine how they are judged or perceived by other people. By applying impression management, individuals tend to control the way other people understand them by applying various impression management techniques. Some individuals try to be authentic and ideal in order to control outward perception (Pennington 11). In this paper, I will be tackling embarrassment situations as a topic under impression management. I will conduct several interviews with friends, relatives and colleag ues to determine their embarrassing moments and other details concerning the embarrassment. This will be done in order to address how various individuals manage their impression in embarrassing situations for social order maintenance. Theory Embarrassment is a social situation that almost everybody experiences in his or her lifetime. The difference lies on how various individuals manage the embarrassment situations that befall them (Newman 134-142). Considering the role theory of impression management, Goffman describes how various individuals act and react following various situations that call for impression management (79). Impression management applies to situations of embarrassment, self recognition, stage performance, public address and various forms of expression. In impression management, the actors strive to build, defend and sometimes maintain their social perceptions and identities through application of various settings, props and assumptions. In embarrassment situations , the assumptions and props applied are intended to work towards enhancing positive perception. The other theory concerns symbolic interactionism. In the theory, Cooley describes impression management as a tool applied in social situations to enhance social interaction and order (126). Impression management in situations like embarrassment in social occasions requires individuals involved to respond in a manner that will alleviate rather than intensify the embarrassment. Hypothesis From the theories discussed, I hypothesize that most individuals will apply tactics, props and assumptions that will build, defend and maintain their impression. Their reactions during the embarrassment moments will alleviate the situation in a manner that will enhance social order and interaction. I also hypothesize that most embarrassing situations are those that occur in a social place rather than a private place.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Ge t your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Methods In this sociological analysis, I used ‘interviewing’ as a qualitative method of data collection. I held several separate interviews with various respondents. Among those interviewed were friends, relatives as well as some colleagues. The interviews entailed discussion of the most embarrassing situations of respondents. However, I only considered five interviews from five different respondents for this analysis. I organized my data in a qualitative rather than quantitative manner as follows. Data First respondent: He was caught cheating on his wife. His wife appeared while in a restaurant having dinner with his girlfriend. Other individuals were also enjoying their meals in the same restaurant. The wife wanted to create a scene in the restaurant but due to the reactions of the husband, she was not able to accomplish her intentions. He reacted in a manner to defend and distance himself from the allegations by talking politely to his wife. Although other people were in the restaurant, he finally managed to convince his wife to calm down. Both of them went home to discuss and find solutions for the problem. Second respondent: She was caught by her friend talking ill and telling lies about her. The most worrying thing is that the two were very good friends only to realize that one of them was pretending. She felt so embarrassed following the sudden appearance of her friend. She was very apologetic to calm down the furious reaction of her friend and convinced her to organize for a discussion to resolve the matter in a more private place. Third respondent: She had a problem of stammering. One day, she was selected by her teacher to answer a question in a new class. Although she tried as much as possible to relax and give an answer, she could not control the stammering completely. Her colleagues laughed at her making her so embarrassed. The only option was to alleviate this embarrassment s ituation. Therefore, she decided to keep quiet and regain her confidence. She finally requested the teacher to let her write the answer on the board. This alleviated the embarrassment that she was to create if she could have continued talking. Fourth respondent: He was busted on a street staring at a certain lady. He did not realize until his friends informed him of the reactions of other people. Many people were looking at him in disgrace and others were laughing. Due to this embarrassment, he decided to move away from that street to alleviate the embarrassment.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Impression management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Fifth respondent: She was talking to her father and wanted to give back his money. In the process of returning money, she pulled out a condom from her pocket and was so embarrassed. She had to explain to her father about the incidence to retain her reputation. She told he r father that condom is very necessary especially in cases of rape and unwanted sex. She was quick to mention that they were given the condoms in school. Discussion The above data seems to justify my hypothesis. In embarrassment situations, many individuals will react in a way to either defend themselves or maintain positive impression to the surrounding. The data shows that the most common themes in embarrassment situations are self image, defense and social order. Considering the sociological importance of embarrassment, most individuals will strive to maintain order in a social place by defending themselves to maintain their image. They always strive to find a solution in a more private and orderly place to attract less attention from the public. Patterns evident in the embarrassing stories include denial patterns, defense patterns and acceptance with apology patterns. â€Å"’There are some other issues that concern embarrassment’. ‘They include gender and ag e’. ‘Female gender appears to be the most affected’† (Pennington 152). Given a similar embarrassing situation, female characters will feel more embarrassed than male characters. Considering age, children feel less embarrassed than middle aged individuals. However, old people appear to be less affected with embarrassment. â€Å"In the wreckage left by embarrassment lie the broken foundations of social transactions† (Gross Stone 2). This means that embarrassment is very infectious and is capable of incapacitating someone who was not previously incapacitated. Embarrassment can spread to other people who were not involved in the embarrassment scene. For instance, embarrassment situations created by an individual might as well affect his or her family members. Therefore, such ruins can only be used as foundations to restructure the social impression. Cooley, Larry. Applied Impression Management. Sage: Newbury Park, 2001. Print.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Goffman, Erving. The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life. Doubleday: New York, 2009. Print. Gross, Edward and Gregory Stone. Embarrassment and the analysis of role requirements. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association, 1964. Print. Newman, David. Sociology: Exploring the Architecture of Everyday Life. 6th ed. Madison: Benchmark Publishers, 2008. Print. Pennington, Britt. Impression Regulation and Management: A Theory of Self- Identification. New York: Guilford, 2006. Print.

Anthropology-Media Essays - Ilkka Ronkainen, Cultural Anthropology

Anthropology-Media Essays - Ilkka Ronkainen, Cultural Anthropology Anthropology-Media BIBLIOGRAPHY Hall Stuart (1997) Cultural Representations and Signifying Practices Sage Publications Chapter 1 Dyer, Gillian (1982) Advertising as Communication Routledge London Ideology and Meaning in Advertsing Marion Boyars, London Kline, Stephen(1995) The Play on the Market: On the Internationalisation of Childrens Culture,in Theroy Culture & Society, Vol.12, pg 103-129 SAGE, London, Thousand Oaks, and New Delhi Berman, Ronald(1981) Advertising and Social Change, pg 13 SAGE, Beveley Hills and California Czinkota, Michael R and Ronkainen, Ilkka A (1996) Global Marketing Dryden Press Boone, Louis E and Kurtz, David L Contemporary Marketing Plus Eighth Edition The Dryden Press Chapter 7 Wells, William, Burnett, John & Moriarty, Sandra (1995) Advertising Principles and Practice Third Edition, Chapter 5 Prentice Hall Inc., Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey

Links Ideas Together in French With Conjunctions

Links Ideas Together in French With Conjunctions Introduction to French Conjunctions Conjunctions provide a link between similar words or groups of words, such as nouns, verbs, people and things. There are two types of French conjunctions: coordinating and subordinating.   1. Coordinating conjunctions join words and groups of words with an equal value.   Ã‚  Jaime les pommes et les oranges.I like apples and oranges.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Je veux le faire, mais je nai pas dargent.I want to do it, but I dont have any money. 2. Subordinating conjunctions join dependent clauses to main clauses.   Ã‚  Jai dit que jaime les pommes.I said that I like apples.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Il travaille pour que vous puissiez manger.He works so that you can eat. French Coordinating Conjunctions Coordinating conjunctions join words and groups of words of equal value that  have the same nature or the same function in the sentence. In the case of individual words, this means that they must be the same part of speech. If theyre clauses, they must be similar or complementary tenses/moods. These are frequently used French coordinating conjunctions: car  Ã‚  for, becausedonc  Ã‚  soensuite  Ã‚  nextet  Ã‚  andmais  Ã‚  butor  Ã‚  now, yetou  Ã‚  orou  bien  Ã‚  or elsepuis  Ã‚  then ExamplesJaime les pommes, les bananes  et  les oranges.I like apples, bananas,  and  oranges.- Pommes,  bananes, and  oranges  are all fruits (nouns).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Veux-tu  aller  en France  ou  en  Italie  ?Do you want to go to France  or  Italy?- France  and  Italy  are both places (nouns).   Ã‚  Ce  nest  pas carrà ©Ã‚  mais  rectangulaire.Its not square  but  rectangular.- Carrà ©Ã‚  and  rectangulaire  are both adjectives.   Ã‚  Je veux le faire,  mais  je nai pas dargent.I want to do it,  but  I dont have any money.- Je  veux  le  faire  and  je  nai  pas  dargent  are present  tense.   Ã‚  Fais tes devoirs,  puis  lave la vaisselle.Do your homework,  then  wash the dishes.- Fais  tes  devoirs  and  lave la  vaisselle  are both commands. Note:  French children learn the mnemonic Mais oà ¹ est  donc  Ornicar  ?  to help them remember the most common French coordinating conjunctions- mais,  ou,  et,  donc,  or,  ni  and  car. Repeated Coordinating Conjunctions Certain French coordinating conjunctions can be repeated in front of each of the joined items for emphasis: et...et   both...andne...ni... ni   neither...norou...ou  Ã‚  either...orsoit...soit  Ã‚  either...or   Ã‚  Ã‚  Je  connais  et  Jean-Paul  et  son frà ¨re.I know  both  Jean-Paul  and  his brother.- Jean-Paul  and  son frà ¨re  are both people (nouns). Note that for the negative coordinating conjunction  ne...ni...ni, the word  ne  goes in front of the verb, just like the  ne  in other  negative structures. French Subordinating Conjunctions Subordinating conjunctions join dependent (subordinate) clauses to main clauses. A dependent clause cannot stand alone because its meaning is incomplete without the main clause. In addition, sometimes the dependent clause has a verb form that cannot stand alone. There are some frequently used French subordinate conjunctions: comme  Ã‚  as, sincelorsque  Ã‚  whenpuisque  Ã‚  since, asquand  Ã‚  whenque  Ã‚  thatquoique*  Ã‚  even thoughsi  Ã‚  if *Note that  quoique  must be followed by the  subjunctive.*For subordinating conjunctions like  afin  que  and  parce  que, see  conjunctive phrases. ExamplesJai dit  que  jaime  les  pommes.I said  that  I like apples.The main clause is  jai  dit. What did I say? Jaime  les  pommes.  Jaime  les  pommes  is incomplete without  jai  dit. I might not in fact like apples, but I said that I did.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Comme  tu  nes  pas prà ªt,  jy  irai  seul.Since  youre not ready, Ill go alone.The main clause is  jy  irai  seul. Why will I go alone?  Because  tu  nes  pas prà ªt. The idea here is not that I want to go alone, but the fact that I will go alone  since  youre not ready.   Ã‚  Si  je suis libre, je tamà ¨nerai laà ©roport.If  Im free, Ill take you to the airport.The main clause is  je tamà ¨nerai laà ©roport. Is this guaranteed? No, only  si  je  suis  libre. If something else comes up, I cant take you.   Ã‚  Jai  peur  quand  il voyage.I am scared  when  he travels.The main clause is  jai  peur. When am I scared? Not all the time, only  quand  il voyage. So  jai  peur  is incomplete without the juxtaposition  quand  il voyage. French Conjunctive Phrases A conjunctive phrase is a group of two or more words that function as a conjunction. French conjunctive phrases usually end in  que,  and most are subordinating conjunctions. condition  que*  Ã‚  provided thatafin  que*  Ã‚  so thatainsi  que  Ã‚  just as, so asalors  que  Ã‚  while, whereas  mesure  que  Ã‚  as (progressively)  moins  que**  Ã‚  unlessaprà ¨s  que  Ã‚  after, when supposer  que*  Ã‚  assuming thatau  cas  oà ¹Ã‚  Ã‚  in caseaussità ´t  que  Ã‚  as soon asavant  que**  Ã‚  beforebien  que*  Ã‚  althoughdans  lhypothà ¨se oà ¹Ã‚  Ã‚  in the event thatde  crainte  que**  Ã‚  for fear thatde faà §on  que*  Ã‚  in such a way thatde manià ¨re  que*  Ã‚  so thatde mà ªme  que  Ã‚  just asde  peur  que**  for fear thatdepuis  que  Ã‚  sincede  sorte  que*  Ã‚  so that, in such a way thatdà ¨s  que  Ã‚  as soon asen  admettant  que*  Ã‚  assuming thaten attendant  que*  Ã‚  while, untilencore  que*  Ã‚  even thoughjusqu  ce  que*  Ã‚  untilparce  que  Ã‚  becausependant  que  Ã‚  whilepour  que*  Ã‚  so thatpourvuà ‚  que*  Ã‚  provided thatquand  bien  mà ªme  Ã‚  even though/ifquoi  que*  Ã‚  whatever, no matter whatsans  que**  Ã‚  withoutsità ´t  que  Ã‚  as soon assupposà ©Ã‚  que*  Ã‚  supposingtant  que   as or so much as / as long astandis  que  Ã‚  while, whereasvu  que  Ã‚  seeing as/that *These conjunctions must be followed by the  subjunctive.**These conjunctions require the  subjunctive  and  ne  explà ©tif. ExamplesIl travaille  pour que  vous puissiez manger.He works  so that  you can eat.The main clause is  il  travaille. Why does he work?  Pour  que  vous  puissiez  manger. The idea here is not that you can eat, but the fact that you can eat  because  he works. Another clue is that  vous  puissiez  manger  cannot stand alone; the  subjunctive  is only found in subordinate clauses.   Ã‚  Jai rà ©ussi lexamen  bien que  je naie pas à ©tudià ©.I passed the test  even though  I didnt study.The main clause is  jai  rà ©ussi   lexamen. How did I pass the test? Certainly not by studying, since  je  nai  pas à ©tudià ©. So  jai  rà ©ussi   lexamen  is incomplete without the juxtaposition  bien  que  je  naie  pas à ©tudià ©.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Il est  parti  parce  quil  avait  peur.He left  because  he was afraid.The main clause is  il est  parti. Why did he leave?  Because  il  avait  peur. The idea  il  avait  peur  is incomplete without the main clause  il est  parti.

Government Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Government Policy - Essay Example I learned about this â€Å"don't ask, don't tell† policy (DADT) from reading it in the news but I learned more about it when one of my relatives who is serving in the military service had come back home on a furlough for the holidays. It was a bit of a shock at first but I realized it had more to it than just the simple issue of allowing gays to serve openly in the U.S. military. A fellow soldier had committed suicide because when he came out in the open about being a gay soldier, the other soldiers in his unit ganged up on him, sort of in a psychological way and not physically. He was ostracized and suffered some humiliation and told he was a disgrace. The topic is important to me because it exemplifies how all people should be treated equally, regardless of gender, age, ethnicity or sexual orientation. Gay soldiers perform quite well on the battlefield despite some misconceptions regarding their conduct in actual combat.   Homosexual soldiers (gays and lesbians) serve the country with distinction and courage in all situations and they deserve recognition and respect from their peers and the public. Part of the reason why people are fighting for the repeal of the DADT policy is to get the same benefits.

Elements of Design in Hectors Final Battle Research Paper - 3

Elements of Design in Hectors Final Battle - Research Paper Example The production designer is the one in charge of the overall look of the film. Production designers have to closely coordinate with the director and the producer (in terms of budget constraints) in order to select the most appropriate settings and style that would enable the film to tell the story (Goodykoontz & Jacobs, 2011). Especially during pre-production, the production designer works closely with the film director to establish the particular aesthetic needs and the intended visual feel of the film. The production designer likewise works closely with the costume designer, the hair and make-up stylists, the special effects director, and the location manager to ensure the unified visual appearance of the movie. The role of the art director tends to blur with the responsibilities of the production designer. However, the art director’s main goal is to unify the overall visual appearance of the scenes in the film, making sure that these scenes are able to stimulate moods, contrast features, and appeal to the target audience psychologically (Goodykoontz & Jacobs, 2011). In the particular movie clip chose, the scene took place on an arid desert, presumably under the burning heat of the sun and the lighting used in this scene made the audience feel the â€Å"heat of the battle† even more. Thus, the sharp light of the sun conveyed feelings of passion and sheer hatred, which were the very feelings that Achilles felt at that moment, owing to the untimely death of his cousin. This particular setting likewise conveys the burning emotions in the hearts of the characters, from the anger in Achilles, to Hector’s desire to defend his honor, and even the pain felt by Hector’s family as they watch Hector walk into his death. All these aspects convey the message of the movie in terms of passion and honor. As the scene takes place in Ancient Greece, the costume designers no doubt took extra care and effort to make the characters’ costume as authentic as possible. Hector’s armor clad body signifies that he is a methodical fighter who takes great efforts to ensure that he is well protected in battle.

Customer Relationship Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Customer Relationship Management - Essay Example According to the research findings learning relations should mature for positive results to be achieved; the use of IDIC enables customization of customer relationship. According to Peppers & Rodgers, IDIC involves several tasks, which can assist an organization to build learning relationship. Identifying customers is very important for a company, since it is easier to know the preferences of that specific customer. Differentiating customers involves identify customers of different levels, and their different needs; indeed, interacting with customers is vital. Therefore, organizations must improve their interaction, which enables the company to identify the needs of customers. Customizing customer treatment involves engaging the customer in a learning relationship, which includes adjusting the company’s behavior to meet the needs of a customer. In addition, use of ICTs enables an organization to research on effective CRM tools, which can foster learning relationships, and as a result, attracting and retaining customers. An organizational chart clearly shows the structure of an organization. As a result, these charts aid in organizing the place of work, by providing managers with departmental information. Therefore, a well-organized structure will definitely boost the customer relationship management through prioritizing on customer needs and fostering healthy interaction with such customers. Below is the Imperial Limited’s organizational chart; this organization interacts with customers daily, as it provides decoration services for weddings and other events. Figure 1: imperial decoration company, organizational chart How should that chart be changed in order to facilitate customer management and to make sure people are evaluated, measured, and compensated for building the value of the customer base? Currently, the company comprises of the chief executive officer, a vice president, and managers in all the respective departments. Generally, managers ’ responsibility involves co-coordinating activities in their respective departments and reporting to the vice president, who reports to the chief executive officer. However, in order for the organization to foster customer value through managing relationships, it must be ready to identify, differentiate, and interact with customers. According to Day (N.d, p.2), organization structures include coordinating mechanisms; however, they should be more customer-focused. Imperial Decoration Company is a service rendering company, where the human resources department deals with employees’ welfare, which includes training, salaries, and annual leaves among others. The marketing department markets the company through advertising, good customer services, and promotion. The accounts department handles all the returns of the company. Competition is increasing and the company needs to

Banned Pesticides by US Companies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Banned Pesticides by US Companies - Essay Example Because of ban, companies have resorted to selling their products in cheaper prices and dumping them in developing countries in order to flush-out their existing big stocks. In North, the Government had put a ban on the pesticide called â€Å"Methyl bromide† because of being health hazards and harmful effects to the ozone layer. In spite of being aware of its hazardous effects, it was being openly sold especially in third world countries. Eddleston, M. et al. (2002) examined, â€Å"In 1985, the UN Food and agriculture Organisation (FAO) produced a voluntary code of conduct for the pesticide industry in an attempt to limit the harmful effects of pesticides. Unfortunately, a lack of adequate government resources in the developing world makes this code ineffective, and thousands of deaths continue today.† Redmond, D. (2002) stated, â€Å"The United States is one of the largest exporters of pesticides in the world. Many of the pesticides are so dangerous that they are banned for use in the United States. There is no doubt that the use of these pesticides in the third world countries where they are exported is devastating. "But we are victims too. Pesticide exports create a circle of poison" by returning to the United States in the food we import.† Machipisa, L. (1995) quoted in his article, "If we have stocks we should destroy them. It is wrong to go and create a problem in the South when we in the North do not think it is good for us," said Herren. "One should look for alternatives before and not dump it, because it will lead its abuse.† In conclusion, I would appeal the Companies, involved in this abusive business, to please stop playing with human lives for the sake of few dollars.

Change project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Change project - Essay Example It is in this regard that this essay is written to present pertinent changes in organizational processes or systems to adjust to the requirements of efficiency in assuring compliance to attendance protocols of a Security Company. At a Security Company in the country, attendance is being monitored by a system of logging in and out utilizing time cards that allow you to punch in and out and are needed as a basis for salary payments. In addition, an access card is used to enter buildings. The problem is many personnel are punching other employees out when they already left hours earlier. Personnel are punching other colleagues in when they never came to work. This is an on going issue and there really is no way to detect it. This system is prone to loopholes and dishonesty because as peers develop teambuilding, employees belonging in the same department or team are susceptible to connivance in relation to attendance and payment requirements. It was initially established that change is a necessary component in an organization in order to respond to inefficiencies, conflicts and changes in the environment. It was precisely identified that in this particular Security Company, an immediate innovative response to their problem in the system of tracking down and monitoring attendance of personnel is eminent. According to Martires & Fule (2000) â€Å"change, no matter how elegant it appears to be on paper, becomes effective only when it results in people and group actually improving their collective performance†. Lewin (1951) in his book on Frontiers in Group Dynamics identified three steps in the process of change, to wit: (1) unfreezing; (2) changing; and (3) refreezing. The unfreezing stage is the initial step involving awareness and recognition of the need to change certain aspects in the current situation. The changing stage involves the introduction and application of the new patterns of behavior

Banned Pesticides by US Companies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Banned Pesticides by US Companies - Essay Example Because of ban, companies have resorted to selling their products in cheaper prices and dumping them in developing countries in order to flush-out their existing big stocks. In North, the Government had put a ban on the pesticide called â€Å"Methyl bromide† because of being health hazards and harmful effects to the ozone layer. In spite of being aware of its hazardous effects, it was being openly sold especially in third world countries. Eddleston, M. et al. (2002) examined, â€Å"In 1985, the UN Food and agriculture Organisation (FAO) produced a voluntary code of conduct for the pesticide industry in an attempt to limit the harmful effects of pesticides. Unfortunately, a lack of adequate government resources in the developing world makes this code ineffective, and thousands of deaths continue today.† Redmond, D. (2002) stated, â€Å"The United States is one of the largest exporters of pesticides in the world. Many of the pesticides are so dangerous that they are banned for use in the United States. There is no doubt that the use of these pesticides in the third world countries where they are exported is devastating. "But we are victims too. Pesticide exports create a circle of poison" by returning to the United States in the food we import.† Machipisa, L. (1995) quoted in his article, "If we have stocks we should destroy them. It is wrong to go and create a problem in the South when we in the North do not think it is good for us," said Herren. "One should look for alternatives before and not dump it, because it will lead its abuse.† In conclusion, I would appeal the Companies, involved in this abusive business, to please stop playing with human lives for the sake of few dollars.

Audience Analysis Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 3

Audience Analysis Paper - Essay Example All cultures everywhere use various behaviors and belief systems. The most critical thing to remember is the simple fact that audiences in Japan, United States, Europe, or the Muslim world will have significant differences in their individual behaviors and belief systems. Because most cultures are more formal than the United States, when addressing this type of audience, one must keep in mind that titles may be more meaningful to them. Therefore, use titles and not first names. Another important key to international communication is that the author of the document or the presentation needs to avoid the use contractions, slang, and sports metaphors. If one is not familiar with the audience's language then it is proper to use, English. If the presentation is in an overseas office generally, an interpreter is present to properly present to findings to the individual stakeholders, managers, etc of the foreign entity (Locker, 2008). A manager's responsibility is to learn about the differe nt cultures around the world and the different people that we may work with. Stereotypes make for well-intentioned efforts at communications effectiveness. However, Carver and Livers found in their studies of stereotyping where they wrote in the Harvard Business Review in 2002 that African-Americans clients of their firm were complaining about the fact that were asked more about diversity then about the job (Caver, 2002). What communication channels are appropriate? Explain. Interpersonal dimensions always focuses on the following. First, focus on the people in order to promote friendliness, cooperation and group loyalty. The next dimension focuses on the content in terms of the problem, data, and possible solutions. The procedural dimension will focus on the method and the processes (Locker, 2008). This will necessitate that the speaker be aware of what the group consists of and performing some prior research is always a good idea. Allowing the audience to ask questions and having the ability to provide on the spot answers is wise. Knowledge of the company is helpful to any audience. The speaker needs to make the audience aware of where the company is now and where he/she expects it to be in the future. This type of information is critical to the meetings success. In this case, if quarterly sales do not meet the expected goals, the speaker should be aware of that fact to satisfy the audience with presently plans for the future. Prior research of the audience comes into play in this step. Knowing what the audience is expecting, what he/she goals are for the future are some key points to making this meeting successful (Locker, 2008)? These steps will keep the speaker on tract to success while at the same time considering this particular audiences point of view. At many points in the meeting, the speaker may find they need to paraphrase some of the content back to the audience; he/she may need to mirror some feelings or ask for information or clarification by of fering to help solve the problems together. What are some considerations to keep in mind given the diversity of the audience? Within every culture is a subculture. It is up to the speaker to cut through the diversity by cutting across these different cultures and use differentiating factor like gender, race, and economic position. The speaker holds the key to researching cultures and subcultures. The speaker needs to know what presentations will work the best with this diverse audience. Sometimes, this goes beyond these basics when one deals not only

Influences and Characteristics of Entrepreneurial Behavior Essay Example for Free

Influences and Characteristics of Entrepreneurial Behavior Essay Management skill and strong team building abilities are often perceived as essential leadership attributes[3] for successful entrepreneurs. Robert B. Reich considers leadership, management ability, and team-building as essential qualities of an entrepreneur. This concept has its origins in the work of Richard Cantillon in his Essai sur la Nature du Commerce en (1755) and Jean-Baptiste Say[4] in his Treatise on Political Economy. Psychological studies show that the psychological propensities for male and female entrepreneurs are more similar than different. A growing body of work shows that entrepreneurial behavior is dependent on social and economic factors. For example, countries with healthy and diversified labor markets or stronger safety nets show a more favorable ratio of opportunity-driven rather than necessity-driven women entrepreneurs. Empirical studies suggest that male entrepreneurs possess strong negotiating skills and consensus-forming abilities. Research studies that explore the characteristics and personality traits of, and influences on, the entrepreneur have come to differing conclusions. Most, however, agree on certain consistent entrepreneurial traits and environmental influences. Although certain entrepreneurial traits are required, entrepreneurial behaviours are also dynamic and influenced by environmental factors. Shane and Venkataraman (2000) argue that the entrepreneur is solely concerned with opportunity recognition and exploitation, although the opportunity that is recognised depends on the type of entrepreneur; while Ucbasaran et al. (2001) argue there are many different types contingent upon environmental and personal circumstances. Jesper Sà ¸rensen has argued that some of the most significant influences on an individuals decision to become an entrepreneur are workplace peers and the social composition of the workplace. In researching the likelihood of becoming an entrepreneur based upon working with former entrepreneurs, Sà ¸rensen discovered a correlation between working with former entrepreneurs and how often these individuals become entrepreneurs themselves, compared to those who did not work with entrepreneurs.[5] The social composition of the workplace can influence entrepreneurism in workplace peers by proving a possibility for success, causing a â€Å"He can do it, why can’t I?† attitude. As Sà ¸rensen stated, â€Å"When you meet others who have gone out on their own, it doesn’t seem that crazy.† [5] Perception of entrepreneurs The ability of entrepreneurs to innovate is thought to relate to innate traits such as extroversion and a proclivity for risk-taking. According to Schumpeter, the capabilities of innovating, introducing new technologies, increasing efficiency and productivity, or generating new products or services, are characteristic qualities of entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurs are catalysts for economic change, and researchers argue that entrepreneurs are highly creative individuals with a tendency to imagine new solutions by finding opportunities for profit or reward.[6] Largely due to the influence of Schumpeters heroic conceptions of entrepreneurs, it is widely maintained that entrepreneurs are unusual individuals. In line with this view, there is an emerging research tradition investigating the genetic factors that are perceived to make entrepreneurs so distinctive (Nicolaou and Shane, 2009). However, there are also critical perspectives that attribute these research attitudes to oversimplified methodological and/or philosophical assumptions (Gartner, 2001). For example, it has been argued that entrepreneurs are not that distinctive, but that it is in essence unrealistic preconceptions about non-entrepreneurs that maintain laudatory portraits of entrepreneurs (Ramoglou, 2011). Classification of entrepreneurs A. Based on functional characteristics 1. Innovative entrepreneur: Such entrepreneurs introduce new goods or new methods of production or discover new markets or reorganize the enterprise. 1. EX: new product, new ways of product, new markets and reorganise the enterprise. 2. Imitative or adoptive entrepreneur: Such entrepreneurs don’t innovate,they copy technology or technique of others. 1. EX: Chinese mobiles. 3. Fabian entrepreneur: Such entrepreneur display grates situation and scepticism in experimenting with any change in their enterprise. They change only when there is a serious threat to the very existence of the enterprise. 4. Drone entrepreneurs: Such entrepreneurs are characterised by a diehard conservatism and may even be prepared to suffer the losses. 1. EX: Acc. To MC Kinsey in 2015, 110-130 million people will be unemployed out of which 90-100 million people will be Fresher. [edit]B. Based on development angle 1. Prime mover: This entrepreneur sets in motion a powerful sequence of development expansion and diversification of business. 1. EX: Ambani 2. Manager: such an entrepreneur doesn’t initiate expansion and its content in just staying in business. 3. Minor innovator: This entrepreneur contributes to economic progress by finding better use for existing resources. 1. EX: minimum wastage maximum production. 4. Satellite: This entrepreneur assumes a suppliers role and slowly move towards a productive enterprise. 5. Local trading: such entrepreneur limits his enterprise to the local market. C. Based on entrepreneurs business 1. Manufacturing 2. Wholesaling 3. Retailing 4. Service Based on personality traits 1. The improver: They have unwavering to run these businesses with high integrity and ethics. 2. The advisor: â€Å"Customer is right and we must do everything to please him† because company is built by advisors and advisors become customer focused. 3. The superstar: All depends upon the charisma and on the high energy of the superstar CEO. 1. EX: Richard Branson (400 co’s/Virgin coin), Larry Page (Google), Lt. Steve Jobs (Apple), Ratan Tata (Tata sons). 4. The artists: Are highly creative type, very conscious about business. If feedback is constructive i.e. positive than also lets go with negative self-image. 1. EX: Aamir Khan, Michael Dell (Dell), MC Cormich (EMI). 5. The visionary: Too focused on dreams with little focused on reality. 1. EX: Jack Welch (GE), Bill Gates (Microsoft), Kishore Biyani (Future Group), Warren Buffet (Berkshire Hathaway), Sam Walton (Wall Mart). 6. The analyst: More focused on fixing problems in a systematic way. 1. EX: Gordon Hore (Intel), Rana Kapur (Yes Bank), Gautam Adani (Adani Groups) 7. The fireball: A business owned and operated by a fireball is full of life, energy and optimism. They have â€Å"A get it done attitude in a playful manner†. 1. EX: Malcolm Forbes – Forbes magazine 8. The hero: Have an incredible will and ability to lead the world and your business through challenges. 9. The healer: They provide nurturing harmony to their business, they have uncanny abilities to survive and persists inner calm. 1. EX: Dr. Bindeshwar Pathak (Sulabh International), Kumar Manglam Birla (Son of L.M Birla). 1. The Opportunistic: take advantage of opportunities as they occur. 1. EX: Mark Zuckerberg Theory-based Typologies Recent advances in entrepreneur researcher indicate that the differences in entrepreneurs and the heterogeneity in their behaviors and actions can be traced back to their the founders identity. For instance, Fauchart and Gruber (2011) have recently utilized social identity theory to illustrate that entrepreneurs can be distinguished in three main types: Darwinians, Communitarians and Missionaries. These types of founders not only diverge in fundamental ways in terms of their self-views and their social motivations in entrepreneurship, but also engage fairly differently in new firm creation.

Analysis of the Retail Industry in India

Analysis of the Retail Industry in India Many changes have occurred in the marketing environment in recent years. Undoubtedly, the marketing environment will continue to evolve and change, often in very significant ways, in the coming years. Shifts in consumer behavior, competitive strategies, government regulations or other aspects of the marketing environment can profoundly affect the fortunes of a retail sector. Besides these external forces, the industries may engage in a variety of activities and changes in strategic focus or direction that may necessitate minor or major adjustments. The research aim is to highlight the current situation of the Indian Retail Industry as well as to provide facts and figures regarding the probable loopholes and the scope for augmentation. During the recent years of globalization, economies in Asia and the Pacific grew rapidly until the current global economic and financial crisis appeared in mid-2007. This acceleration of growth, in which international trade has played an important role, has helped Asian and Pacific countries to make impressive strides in economic development (ESCAP, 2009). At the same time, empirical evidence suggests that in some supply-constrained larger economies in Asia and the Pacific, such as China, India and Indonesia, wealth through trade has been accompanied by rise in inequality. The basic aim of the paper would be to analyze the retail industry in India and to understand the issues prevailing in this industry and the future prospective of the retail industry. The aim of the paper would be to answer the following research questions; Is Indian retail industry sustainable? How does the Indian retail industry compete with the industries all around the World? Is the retail industry more beneficial than other industries in India? Does the involvement of government in this industry is satisfactory? What improvements could be made in the Indian retail industry ? The Literature Review Like some other retail industries the Indian industry is divided in two sectors i.e. organised and unorganized one. The organised portion deals with the trading activities practiced while possessing licenses and having registrations for sales and income tax. This division includes corporate backed hypermarkets and retail chains and the privately owned large retail businesses. Secondly, the unorganized one who practices traditional style of low-cost retailing like grocery stores named as Kiriana Stores, general stores, Paan / Beedi shops, convince stores, hand carts and pavement, vendors, etc. Moreover, the traditional markets are preparing to adopt new designs like departmental stores, specialty stores and supermarkets. The Indian retail sector is greatly split with 97 % of its being executed by the unorganized retailers like the traditional family run stores and corner stores. The organized retail however is at a very embryonic stage although efforts are being made to boost its share. The sector is the largest source of employment after agriculture, and has deep penetration into rural India generating more than 10 % of Indias GDP. The fact of Chinas retail sector becoming saturated, international retailers considers India as the last retailing frontier left. Though, the Indian Government restrictions on the FDI are creating uncertainties among the international players like Walmart, Tesco and many other retail giants struggling to enter Indian markets. As of now the Government has allowed only 51 per cent FDI in the sector to one-brand shops like Nike, Reebok etc. Therefore, other international players are taking alternative ways to pierce the Indian retail market indirectly via strategic licensing agreement, franchisee agreement and cash and carry wholesale trading (since 100 per cent FDI is allowed in wholesale trading). The structure of Indian retail is emerging swiftly with shopping malls becoming increasingly common in the large cities and development plans being projected at 150 new shopping malls by 2008. However, the traditional formats like hawkers, grocers and tobacconist shops continue to co-exist with the modern formats of retailing. Modern retailing has helped the companies to increase the consumption of their products for example: Indian consumers would normally consume the rice sold at the nearby kiranas viz. Kolam for daily use. With the introduction of organized retail, it has been noticed that the sale of Basmati rice has gone up by four times than it was a few years back; as a superior quality rice (Basmati) is now available at almost the same price as the normal rice at a local kirana. Thus, the way a product is displayed and promoted influences its sales. If the consumption continues to grow this way it can be said that the local market would go through a metamorphoses of a change and the local stores would soon become the things of the past or restricted to last minute unplanned buying. Research Methodology Introduction This section spells out the procedures and the methods that the researcher can employ in achieving the objectives of the project so highlighted in the abstract of this paper. It defines location of the study, research procedures and analysis plan that would be put in consideration when carrying out this particular research. The research is supposed to start with the clear understanding of the research objectives as well as the hypothesis. Success of the project will depend on the provision of satisfying information in line with the objectives and hypothesis (Myers, 2002). The objective of the research just as a recap is to identify the effective mechanisms risk exposure and fÑ–nà Ã‚ °ncÑ–Ã Ã‚ °l policy considering the à Ã‚ °nà Ã‚ °lysÑ–s of à Ã‚ µmà Ã‚ µrgÑ–ng markets used in order to gain the competitive. It is important to note here that this research was mainly based on the questionnaire even though other research methodologies were briefly discussed. Sample questionnaire used is as shown in the appendices. Research methodology is a master plan specifying the methods and procedures for collecting and analyzing the data. It is a strategy or blueprint that plans the action for carrying through the research project data. A research design involves a series of rational decision-making choices depending upon the various options available to the researchers. Broadly it is composed of different elements like: the purpose of the study, the unit of analysis, time dimension, mode of observation, sampling design, observation tools, data processing, and data analysis. Mainly two techniques of research, Qualitative and quantitative are utilized. Though both of the methods have their own significance, the use of exploratory quantitative research design for this study appears to be appropriate. Research Design Research is an endless effort for truth. It certainly bring to light new knowledge or corrects previous errors and misconceptions and adds to the existing body of knowledge in an orderly manner. The research was aimed at highlighting the significance of branding for an organization and to evaluate the importance being given at pizza hut setup. This part deals with procedure adopted to conduct the study. The researcher had to depend on the related literature and structured questionnaires. Descriptive data were typically collected through a questionnaire survey, an interview or observation. Primary research. Primary research is the collection of data that does not exist. This can be through numerous forms: including questionnaires, telephone conversations, surveys, etc. As pertained to this project, the primary sources would likely be the risk exposure and fÑ–nà Ã‚ °ncÑ–Ã Ã‚ °l policy considering the à Ã‚ °nà Ã‚ °lysÑ–s of à Ã‚ µmà Ã‚ µrgÑ–ng markets. The major merit with conducting primary research is that it accurate. However, the disadvantage of primary research is that it may be time consuming, as it involves dealing with people from various regions, the human sources may only become resourceful out of their own willingness, and this may take them quit sometimes before making up their minds to tell you what they know or give you their side stories about your questions (Focardi Fabozzi, 1998). Secondary research on the other hand is the collection of existing data, that is, in contrast to primary research. For example: research on experiments or specific subjects. The merit of secondary research is that its not time consuming however a disadvantage is that the information retrieved may not be relevant. Data Collection In research studies, the source of data is two-fold. Data comes from the inner world of libraries as well as from the outer world of human being. It is either the shelved data or it is the data acquired live from the people involved in the study. This research being in the marketing, and the prime subject of the study is retail sector, the researcher aims to collect data mainly from the respondents. After considering the various methods of data collection such as ethnographic style, survey, experimental style, and narrative enquiry, a questionnaire survey was chosen as it allows the collection of highest opinions within the time span of the project as well as the fact that the results could be accurately mapped and correlated to provide quantitative information. Choice of research philosophy Another aspect that is of great significance in this research would be the research strategy. Its the research strategy shows which methods a researcher adapts to answer the research objectives or questions. There are types of research strategies that can be employed in conducting a research study. These include experiments, case studies, survey, theoretical perspectives, cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. It is imperative to examine some of these strategies while paying particular attention to the case study method which will be applied in this particular research. Survey is another important research strategy that has was popular in conducting this research. Surveys allow the collection of a large amount of data from a large population .This implies that the researcher can conduct surveys and question specific groups of people to obtain large amount of information relevant to the subject of the survey. The data is usually collected from the people either via questionnaire or orally. The purpose of the survey was to establish and analyze views of respondents in order to find what they think about particular situation, case or statement. However, despite the fact that the views from a large number of respondents can be gathered through the survey strategy, the data obtained may not all reflect to the objective of the research at depth (Kendrick, 2009). Case study is a research strategy which involves investigation of a particular contemporary phenomenon in the real life situation using multiple sources of evidence. More elaborate explanation on the nature of the case study as a research strategy was given by Frenkel, Hommel, Dufey Markus, (2005). in whose view case study represents a specific way of collecting, organizing, and analyzing data. Grounded theory represents a strategy which posits that the data is collected through observations and compared to various theoretical frameworks in order to discover which of the data is the most appropriate. This leads the researcher into making predictions about the studied phenomena prior to putting the findings into test. However, the aim of grounded theory is to make studied data records well-developed and understood and to verify relationships between the findings and the case study in question (Frenkel, Hommel, Dufey Markus, 2005). Questionnaires This research was mainly carried out by the use of a questionnaire. The questionnaire enabled the information to be gathered from many respondents who were directly involved in risk exposure and fÑ–nà Ã‚ °ncÑ–Ã Ã‚ °l policy considering the à Ã‚ °nà Ã‚ °lysÑ–s of à Ã‚ µmà Ã‚ µrgÑ–ng markets. Use of a questionnaire as a quantitative method for collecting data from the sources is the most appropriate method of collecting mass responses and as such, providing a good method of comparative analysis. The questionnaire will cover a number of data sources to find out opinions and views regarding the planning strategies required in risk exposure and fÑ–nà Ã‚ °ncÑ–Ã Ã‚ °l policy considering the à Ã‚ °nà Ã‚ °lysÑ–s of à Ã‚ µmà Ã‚ µrgÑ–ng markets. Designing good questionnaires requires significant skills and experience. The researcher embarks on the study by setting up survey questionna ires that address issues relevant to the interviews conducted. It is important to pilot or test the questionnaire as fully as possible before distributing them to the interviewees to fill them. A sample questionnaire is like the one shown in the appendices below. This questionnaire enabled elaborate information to be obtained from the players in the restaurant industry (Lam, 2003). Interviews In order to achieve the purpose of the investigation, the key focus lies on finding out which techniques should be applied. Interviews were the best method for understanding this research. A respondent interview is one where the interviewer directs the interview and the interviewer responds to the questions of the researcher. And to add more weight on this observation, Borodzicz, (2004). added that the standard survey interview is itself essentially faulted and that it therefore cannot serve as the ideal ideological model against which to assess other approaches. He Borodzicz, (2004).also elaborates by describing interviews as the verbal exchange of information between two or more people for the principal purpose of one person or group gathering information from the other. And that Semi structured interviews enable one to fix and control circumstances in order to collect appropriate data while remaining flexible and responsive (Borodzicz, 2004). In order to analyze the psychological and behavioral reasons for decisions of the sources, the collected primary data should be collected through the distribution of questionnaires. They however emphasized it is very important to note that questionnaires should reach the right people, to allow for an appropriate amount of information to be collected. Different types of interviews that the researchers may opt to apply to their studies. The three are inclusive of structured interviews, semi-structured interviews, and unstructured interviews. (Pritchard, 2005). Structured interviews consist of closed-ended questions, where the structure of the questions, responses and the interview itself is decided prior to the interview. The interviewer has more control over the responses, and can lead the interview into the direction they want. However, the responses received are limited. Semi-structured interviews consist of closed and/or open-ended questions, allowing the interviewer to have some control over the responses and the interview. Although the open-ended questions allow the interviewee to express themselves and encourage them to present their views and opinions. Unstructured interviews consist of open-ended questions that do not restrict the interviewees responses, therefore collecting a wide range of information. This kind of interview is more supple in-terms of the questions being asked and their ordering, all depending upon the interviewees responses. After considering these different types of interviews, Questionnaires are considered mor e useful for this study. This is necessary, as it allows gaining a deeper understanding of the participants views. In the usage of the interview the management of organizations in à Ã‚ µmà Ã‚ µrgÑ–ng markets were interviewed to get there view on how they operate (Silva, 1995). Data Analysis Process The process involves the researched applying reasoning in order to understand and interpret the data collected. In simple descriptive research, analysis may involve determining consistent patterns and summarizing the appropriate details revealed in the investigation (Zikmund, 2003, P. 73). Sectors of the market chosen to research and why you chose these sectors Use of research tools such as questionnaires, interviews, relevant journals, periodicals and data sampling and machines would be utilized in the process conducting the interview. Experts would be needed to conduct the research. In implementing the activities, both the quantitative and qualitative approaches was considered, where by qualitative data are those that would be based on the spoken words while the quantitative data would be generated from the overall data collected based of accuracy and efficiency The research project was scheduled to run for a period of one year and a few Months within which industries in à Ã‚ µmà Ã‚ µrgÑ–ng markets would be put under scrutiny and rigorous investigations to ascertain the objectives of the research. Research validity and reliability A debate about the findings of the preceding literatures on retail industry considering the à Ã‚ °nà Ã‚ °lysÑ–s of à Ã‚ µmà Ã‚ µrgÑ–ng markets inevitably includes a discussion of research, normally referring to the way in which the data were collected. This research being a phenomenological, all questions are related to theoretical characteristics discussed in literature preview. The process would therefore be accurate in collecting, analyzing and sampling data; hence the validity of result would be quite high. Considering that there are many different aspects of validity, which influence the validity of the research in general. Relationship between your research aim, research questions, research objectives and research methods. The methodology which was exploited here mainly through the questionnaires and the interviews were most appropriate as they enabled the most information to be obtained. Many respondents could be reached within a short period of time while sampling enabled a comparison to be carried out on the different organizations in à Ã‚ µmà Ã‚ µrgÑ–ng markets. They helped in the real understanding on retail industry considering the à Ã‚ °nà Ã‚ °lysÑ–s of à Ã‚ µmà Ã‚ µrgÑ–ng markets has actually been carrying out its activities which have actually helped it in realizing a competitive in the market (Borodzicz, 2004). Anticipated Outcomes The retail industry in India is currently growing at a great pace and is expected to go up to US$ 833 billion by the year 2013. It is further expected to reach US$ 1.3 trillion by the year 2018. As the country has got a high growth rates, the consumer spending has also gone up and is also expected to go up further in the future. In the last four years, the consumer spending in India climbed up to 75%. As a result, the India retail industry is expected to grow further in the future days. Despite the fact that the Indian retail market is expected to grow but some challenges are still required to be addressed. These challenges include the deficiency of sufficient infrastructure amenities, elevated prices of real estate, divergence in consumer groups, tax structure, limitations in Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), shortage of trained manpower and low retail management skills. The research will focus to highlight all the challenges being faced to the Indian retail market and to suggest the strategies and methodologies to cater these challenges. The effective management of above said challenges will not only enable to achieve the projected growth in the retail sector but will also enable to enhance the factor of consistency in growth. Appropriateness of triangulation to research The essence of applying triangulation is for the sake of indications of applicability of several methods (excess of two) in the course of the study in consideration of checking double or even triples results checking otherwise known as cross examination. The idea behind the concept is for the researcher to express a high degree of confidence in consideration of the results of diverse methods that give similar results. In case a single method was applied by the researcher, there is a higher tendency of believing that the results are valid. The application of more that a single method may result to a clash of the results. The application of about three methods attempting to derive an answer may lead to a similarity of answers from two out of the three methods used. In case of an occurrence of a crash there is then a need of reframing the question (HSE, 2006). Limitations of the research Limitations are usually present in every research and these limitations actually tarnish the results of the research. Certain limitations are also associated with this research. One of the biggest limitations of this research is lack of budget and lack of time. Besides that there are certain other limitations like the non-serious attitude of the respondents might tamper the entire results of the research. The interviews that will be conducted and the questionnaire cannot be fully utilized in this scenario because the respondents are not serious in their attitude when they are filling out the questionnaires or when they are giving the responses to the researcher. The lack of time given by the respondents can also be another limitation of this research. If the respondents have lesser time than it is highly probable that they might not take the research properly and ultimately the final results of the research would be affected in this scenario. Finally, it can be said that certain chun ks or sources of secondary research can also be treated as a limitation of the research. This is because of the fact that these sources are not valid or they are not updated therefore the data that is attained from these sources might affect the entire results of the research. Therefore, the researcher should take utmost care about all these constraints and try to minimize it.

Habermas on Virtue :: Ethics Morals Papers

Habermas on Virtue Although Habermas has never worked out a conception of virtue and indeed criticizes this notion whenever he uses it, his theory crucially depends on the virtuous attitude of participants in discourse — be it in the realm of democracy and law or that of morality. In this paper, in which I deal only with the ethical foundations of morality, I argue first that the norms of discourse which are gained from a presuppositional analysis of speech as such have to be complemented by the sensitive perception on the side of the recipients. Only when the claims are understood in their full significance for the speaker does the discourse live up to the ideal which is already anticipated in every speech act. This presuppositional analysis shows secondly that it is mainly the virtuous attitude that is morally relevant and not those capacities for acting morally that the agent already possesses. However, the virtuous attitude genuinely entails the obligation to strive to perfect all those capa cities that enable us to sensitively understand the other's claim. A discussion of the (discursive) capacities that have to be promoted leads to the singling out of sensitivity as contrasted to immediate empathy. It is the reflexive transcendence of the agent's evaluative patterns that allows this emotion to sit well with a post-conventional morality. Finally, I discuss a possible caveat of Wellmer and Habermas who might claim that the proposed conception of virtue would only be valid for participants in discourse, but not for agents acting in the life-world. However, because the discursive virtue is of wide latitude, it does not fall under this objection. The last several years have seen an impressive revival of interest in the concept of virtue. In contrast, the discourse ethics of JÃ ¼rgen Habermas seems to be especially inadequate to account for the ethical significance of virtue, because by emphasizing intersubjective procedures it plays down the importance of individual qualities. In fact, Habermas uses the term 'virtue' rarely, and where he does use it, he criticizes it harshly for presupposing a shared conception of the good life. (1) However, as I will argue in this paper, there is a conception of deontological virtue which is not only compatible, but indispensable for Habermas's theory. Thus, although he attempts to externalize virtue as much as possible into procedures, discourse ethics has to presuppose that the participants possess a genuinely virtuous attitude.

Between Subjects Design

Between-subjects Designs Instructions Psychology students need to learn how to look at each factor within a study and the Interaction between those factors. This assignment will assist students In learning how to understand this concept: 1) For this assignment, you will test the following hypotheses: a) Frequent users of Backbone will have a significantly different level of self-esteem than infrequent users of Backbone. I) Definition of Frequent users- spend 2 hours a day on Backbone. II) Definition of Infrequent users- spend less than 2 hours a day on Backbone. ) Module 2: Part I – Survey ) Each team member will access and complete the â€Å"Backbone Survey. † Save the survey results for the next part of this assignment. 3) Module 4: Part II – Data Collection a) Collect data from the surveys of each team member: b) Locate all the answers to the questions specifically about self-esteem: l) Self- esteem Question #s- c) Hold onto the survey results for the next par t of the assignment. 4) Module 6: Final Study a) part Ill -T-Test I) As a team, you will use data you compiled (means from the average scores- self- esteem questions only) from the surveys to calculate a T-test on the two groups: (1)Frequent users of Backbone- separate mean (2) Infrequent users of Backbone. – separate mean b) part – F-Orator l) use the data you compiled from the surveys to calculate an F- ratio on the 4 groups (4 means to calculate): (1) Male- Frequent/lunette-separate means (2) Female- Frequent/lunette separate means [If your group consists of members of the same sex, then use ages to separate the groups: For instance, â€Å"under-30, over-30, etc. â€Å"] c) Part V- Compile the team's final results into a study (750-1,000 words) detailing the steps of the assignment.Include n your study: I) Introduction- Briefly explain the reason for the study. Include the hypothesis and how it was tested. II) Method- briefly explain how the experiment was conduct ed: (1) Participants- How many? What were the relevant characteristics (male/female, ages, etc. )? (2) Instrument- Briefly explain the survey used to compile the data. Ill) Procedure- Were there groups? How was data compiled? How was the data measured? Make sure you clarify the study for the reader. Iv) Results- Record the mean differences on how you scored on self-esteem in these different groups.How 2) Include the F-ratio v) Discussion: Include interpretation of results, ethical concerns, limitations of study, and suggestions for future research. (1) Was the hypothesis supported? (2) What can you generalize from the study? V') References- List all references of literature used for this study. 5) Prepare the Final Study portion of this assignment according to the PAP guidelines found in the PAP Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required. 6) Submit the Final Study assignment as one deliverable to the instructor by the end of Module 8.

Imperialism Dbq

Imperialism DBQ Before the late 19th century the United States had not expanded outside of the Americas this changed when wealth, population and industrial production increased. The demand for resources led to an era of imperialism. During this era expansionism in the United States kept the same principle but, it departed from previous expansions regarding to geography, politics and the economy. Americans kept the same principle, that God had given the U. S divine right to expand.The new† Manifest Destiny† was a continuation to the previous â€Å"Manifest Destiny†, except it extended to far away Islands that would not become states but instead become colonies. Many Americans continued to believe in Jackson Turner’s â€Å"Frontier Thesis†. They believed that if the U. S did not expand it would â€Å"explode†. In 1885 Josiah Strong wrote â€Å"Our Country, he advocated superiority of the Anglo-Saxons and urged Americans to spread their religion to the â€Å"backward† peoples (Doc. B).Americans had felt the need to take control of the Indians after the Civil War and they continued to exert colonial control over dependent peoples on the Islands. Previously the expansion movement had not gone overseas. The Monroe Doctrine had given the U. S control over the Americas and kept foreign countries from intervening. Germany and the U. S got into a dispute over the Samoan Islands and America kept half. In 1898 Hawaii was annexed. American expansionism also went to the Philippines, Cuba and Puerto Rico. The era of Imperialism differed in politics from expansionism in the Americas.European powers were colonizing the world and America was being left-out (Doc. A), by 1900 Europe had taken over 20 percent of the land and 10 percent of the population of the world. The U. S felt the desire to compete with Europe for overseas empires. Before the United States had felt the need to expand and become a strong country, but now it was a c ompetition of world dominance. In The Influence of Sea Power upon History Alfred Mahan said that control of the sea was the key to world dominance and empire. Americans felt strong sea power was necessary to protect themselves from other countries ( Doc.C). When the Cubans rebelled against Spain the U. S became involved. Yellow journalism fueled the start of the Spanish-American War. The United States won the war when Spain signed the treaty of Paris as a result Cuba became a free country, the U. S received Guam and also gained Puerto Rico. During the Russo- Japanese War Theodore Roosevelt did not want either side to gain a monopoly in Asia, but also did not want to start a war. After Japan secretly asked him to help sponsor peace negotiations, Theodore ended the war with the Treaty of Portsmouth. Economically U.S expansionism was a departure because, foreign trade had become an important part of the American economy. When the McKinley Tariff raised Hawaiian sugar prices, American s ugar planters wanted Hawaii to be annexed so the tariffs would be eliminated. Cleveland refused to annex Hawaii, but later changed his mind when it was needed as a coaling and provisioning way station so supplies could be sent to Dewey in Manila Harbor. The U. S bought the Philippines from Spain but didn’t set them free because they were a way to China, businessmen clamoured for the new Philippine market and it had desirable raw resources (Doc.E). The Chinese market was huge and American manufacturers feared that it would become monopolized by Europeans. So America issued the Open Door Policy so every nation would have fair competition (Doc. G). During the Era of Imperialism the United States went from being a strong nation to becoming a world power. It keep the same principle, that it was the superior race and God had given them the right to colonize, but left behind its old was relating to politics, economy and geography.